Tom Matlack hopes we can use the Millenium Trilogy as a way to talk about violence against women.
Like almost everyone else in the world, I read Steig Larsson’s trilogy about a bisexual computer hacker, Lisbeth Salander, who suffers sexual abuse and is out for revenge.
Salander, a brilliant woman with a photographic memory, is wrongly locked up in an asylum for violently attacking her father, a Russian spy, to protect her mother. Her legal guardian violently rapes her, but Salander gets him back by, among other things, tattooing “I am a sadistic pig and a rapist” across his chest—giving readers a vicarious thrill. Despite a poor translation and some pedestrian prose, I enjoyed all two thousand pages of the tale, in three volumes.
Then I caught myself. Okay—my wife caught me. “This book minimizes the brutal rape, torture, and murder of dozens of women,” she said after reading The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, the first book in the series. “It seems entirely inconsistent that Larsen would allow his ‘principled’ character [journalist Mikael Blomkvist ] to conceal all of the murders from the police and the families of the victims.” The next time I saw a little old lady clutching the yellow paperback (among a dozen others on my subway train), I thought twice about the amazing popularity of Larsson’s books.
Americans are obviously enthralled by the topic. But rather than simply being voyeurs, we should use the book’s popularity as a way to initiate a real discussion about sexual assault—a pervasive problem we, as a culture, don’t talk about enough.
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The U.S. Justice Department recently estimated that only 26% of all rapes or attempted rapes are reported to law enforcement officials. 17.6% of women in the United States have survived a completed or attempted rape. (Of these, 21.6% were younger than age 12 when they were first raped, and 32.4% were between the ages of 12 and 17.)
With the Millennium Trilogy rivaling Harry Potter and Twilight in popularity, the recurring theme of sexual abuse, and its relationship to real life here in America, has gone largely unacknowledged in the pubic discourse. Domestic abuse rarely makes headlines—unless a celebrity is caught beating up his girlfriend—and yet we can’t seem to get enough of Salander. As my wife points out, it’s hypocritical to remain silent on sexual abuse while slurping up graphic fiction that exploits our curiosity about the issue.
“I found the polemical concern for women to ring quite hollow,” David Greene, the executive director of The First Amendment Project, told me. “If Larsson really wanted to write about sexual abuse, perhaps he could have chosen a male hero [Blomkvist] that was not seemingly irresistible to women of all ages. To me the book read as a condemnation of the most atrocious acts—Nazism, serial rape, exploitation by a guardian—but not of the more subtle forms of exploitation and abuse.” Blomkvist, the savior and detective, sleeps with every likable female character, undercutting the feminist sentiment that Larsson sets out to express.
“I do think that Larsson’s goal was to raise awareness about the issue,” Amanda Wolfe told me. She is an education and prevention specialist at Casa Myrna Vazquez, and speaks across the state about domestic abuse. “The attack of Salander by her guardian was graphic, but I don’t think it was done to be titillating. It was definitely trying to show the severity of the violence within that rape.”
Salander is portrayed as childlike in appearance, but possesses powerful sex appeal to men and women, young and old. It leaves open the question whether readers are getting off on reading about a woman whose promiscuity can be seen as resulting from her abuse. Wolfe doesn’t agree. “As a bisexual, I wasn’t offended by [the portrayal of Salander’s sexuality]. I just thought [it portrayed] her as a strong female who’s not afraid to take ownership of her sexuality.”
Jenny Efimova, manager of SafeLink, a statewide domestic violence hotline, adds, “I agree with your wife: There’s a lot of misconceptions about sexual violence perpetrated by men against women. [It] isn’t really talked about in our society the way it should be talked about, and particularly the dynamics of power and control.”
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Larsson himself once witnessed a gang rape of a young girl that he was unable to stop—an event that shaped him as a feminist and as a novelist. Efimova points out, “Salander doesn’t just get raped—she gets raped by her guardian. So I think [Larsson] was also trying to shed light on the power imbalances that are inherent, not just in the sexual assault, but on the power imbalance that their relationship had to begin with, and that she had no power in that society and he had all the power in the society.”
“People think the victims [of domestic violence] are staying because they want to, and the victims are choosing their partners, so thereby it’s their fault,” Efimova says. “We need to connect the dots for people, to talk about what this is all about, and the power imbalances that are inherent in our society. We consider that to be an individual thing, and we think rape is about sex, and domestic violence is about somebody’s used too many drugs or alcohol—we attribute it to individual factors.”
Larsson gives his readers a window on sadistic rape, and yet we really don’t want to make the association with reality. “It would be a very scary world for people to live in if they felt [rape] could happen to anybody,” says Efimova. “And so, as a defense mechanism we say, ‘This can’t really happen to me because I don’t do this, this, and this.’”
But ignoring the problem won’t make it go away—by choosing to remain voyeurs, we are, in effect, making the world safer for violent predators. Sexual abuse is rampant, and the real victims don’t have Lisbeth Salander’s ability to fight back. They are depending on the rest of us to do the right thing, by stamping out a culture of abuse, and holding perpetrators accountable. “Social change will happen,” Wolfe points out, “when more people stop choosing the route of saying nothing and acting like it’s not happening.”
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In September, 2009, Tom Matlack, together with James Houghton and Larry Bean, published an anthology of stories about defining moments in men’s lives — The Good Men Project: Real Stories from the Front Lines of Modern Manhood. It was how the The Good Men Project first began. Want to buy the book? Click here. Want to learn more? Here you go.
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Boysen,
It’s very kind of you to “get it” that men suffer, but your continual insistence that all men take responsibility for rape when MOST men do not commit rape, is akin to asking a whole ethnicity to take responsibility for a crime that only a minority of them committ. My father was a victim of abuse by both men and women in his life. Should he have to take responsibility for men who committ rape?
I am surprised that no one has mentioned that Lisbeth forcibly sodomizes her guardian when she “gets him back” (except for the vague phrase “among other things”). I watched the first movie (I have not read the books) without knowing anything about the plot, and, as a rape victim/survivor myself, I was surprised that I found myself much more uncomfortable with the “revenge” scene (don’t get me wrong, the scenes where Lisbeth is attacked were plenty disturbing, but in a way that felt pretty honest and without anything gratuitous). I have wondered, since, why exactly it bothers me– I would… Read more »
I do appreciate your at least talking about the issues these movies/books raise. I don’t know that these kinds of movies will ever really help the male/female power dynamic as it’s not decent men like you who need to talk about it. I guess all we can hope is that women and men talk to their sons about this issue, so future generations. I was involved in an abusive relationship 20 years ago in college with a boy from my hometown, and last I heard he was beating up his current wife. He doesn’t think he’s doing anything wrong. I… Read more »
Interesting article. I read all 3 books and enjoyed them (but I agree with the problems you pointed out). But I have 2 questions: first, you are one of a few writers I’ve noticed who refer to Salander as “promiscuous.” But if I recall correctly, she only slept with Blomkvist and Miriam Wu. This is 2 people over the course of over a year. How is that promiscous? Why is she always referred to as this? Is it because she’s bisexual? Because others constantly objectify her? Unless I’m forgetting multiple sexual partners, I don’t get it. Also: I’m genuinely curious… Read more »
Tom: Thank you for a thought-provoking article/review. Although a UK rather than a US citizen, many of the social attitudes you describe also exist here. I feel that the US and UK publishers have slightly undermined Larsson’s intent by the packaging of the novels. The original Swedish title of the first novel (and the film of it) was “Men Who Hate Women,” underlining that the rape perpetrated by Salander’s guardian is not the only sexual violence depicted (in way that I personally did not find at all titilating). The English titles focus this general point too much onto the character… Read more »
A well thought out and written article, however I’d have rather your wife had written it. You’ve given us the sense of what she said and you’ve reasoned well, but it’s still to some extent the voice of a man speaking for a woman. This aspect of it disempowers women further.
Thank you though, from one feminist to another 🙂
Thanks for the thoughtful response Boysen. Did you read the books? Interested in your perspective on them and why they have become such a craze…Obviously widely divergent views on whether that is a sign of progress or not.
Hey Tom … thank you. I appreciate your writing and your willingness to look at serious shit! First I will respond to the ‘men are victims too’ argument (maybe taking some of the heat off of you) by saying that the VAST majority of serious injuries, murders (of all kinds), sexual assaults and rapes in this country are perpetrated by men. Men perpetrating against men and boys and men perpetrating against girls and women. I GET IT, MEN SUFFER! (and that is not the point here!) There is a small percentage of women who also sexually and physically abuse boys… Read more »