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Strategic objective D.3.
Eliminate trafficking in women and assist victims of violence due to prostitution and trafficking
Actions to be taken
137. Refugee, displaced and migrant women in most cases display strength, endurance and resourcefulness and can contribute positively to countries of resettlement or to their country of origin on their return. They need to be appropriately involved in decisions that affect them.
Beijing Declaration (1995)
When we’re looking at much of the documentation of the Beijing Declaration, the stipulations can tend towards an emphasis on a few things including governmental support, INGO and NGO initiatives and funding and programs, and the world of greater gender equality in decision-making bodies. Each important for a multifaceted solution set for the problem, of prostitution and trafficking.
Now, when we’re looking at the ways in which the external support is helpful, ultimately, simply by the roll of the cosmic dice, probably, these refugee, displaced, and migrant women are left alone, battered, assaulted, rape, even disfigured. External organizations can help in most circumstances, and do help in some circumstances, but the natural questions arise about the gap between the reality and then the idealization of the provisions for women in these contexts.
Looking further, there exists a variety of needs only women, themselves, can provide individually and collectively for themselves. If we’re looking at the helping of oneself in war-torn regions and physical displacement contexts, especially post-war, we can see the general ways in which women are, generally, disproportionately negatively impacted by these. The rape as a weapon of war or forced marriage, or the lack of support for the majority of civilians impacted by war, i.e., women and girls.
These aren’t intended as commentaries on mistakes in oversight while on the job and needing some positive correction, needing to fall in order to rise to better performance. Rather, this amounts to the need for women, based on the reality, of at-times complete lack of support. Women need, as a matter of course, and do, display “strength, endurance and resourcefulness” in the resettlement processes within a country, or, indeed, if they return to the country of origin.
Take, for example, the country in which the women come from, but those nation-states that have been destroyed. All of this self-empowerment conversation comes with context. In this case, we see the obvious context of the need for women to be able to self-empower in a real way, not with so-called self-help books. In these instances, any temporary or proto-permanent decision-making apparatus or structure should include women, as the outcomes from these decisions will impact women disproportionately (positively or negatively, and most often negatively because they are not included in them).
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- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in the Preamble, Article 16, and Article 25(2).
- Convention Against Discrimination in Education (1960) in Article 1.
- The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) in Article 3, Article 7, and Article 13.
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966).
- Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979).
- Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984).
- The Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women and the optional protocol (1993).
- Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (1995), Five-year review of progress (2000), 10-year review in 2005, the 15-year review in 2010, and the 20-year review in 2015.
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000), and the UN Security Council additional resolutions on women, peace and security: 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), 2122 (2013), and 2242 (2015).
- Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children (2000).
- The Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa or the “Maputo Protocol” (2003).
- Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence or the Istanbul Convention (2011) Article 38 and Article 39.
- UN Women’s strategic plan, 2018–2021
- 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
- 2015 agenda with 17 new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (169 targets for the end to poverty, combatting inequalities, and so on, by 2030). The SDGs were preceded by the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) from 2000 to 2015.
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