How did the Mongols become one of the most formidable fighting forces in the world?
Mansa Musa and Islam in Africa: Crash Course World History #16
— In this video, John Green teaches you about Sub-Saharan Africa! So, what exactly was going on there? It turns out, it was a lot of trade, converting to Islam, visits from Ibn Battuta, trade, beautiful women, trade, some impressive architecture, and several empires. John not only covers the West African Malian Empire, which is…
Animal Development: We’re Just Tubes – Crash Course Biology #16
— Hank discusses the process by which organisms grow and develop, maintaining that, in the end, we’re all just tubes. Table of Contents 1) Zygote 2:38 2) Morula 2:53 3) Blastula 3:25 4) Radial Symmetry 4:11 5) Bilateral Symmetry 4:26 6) Gastrulation 4:52 7) Blastopore 5:02 8) Gastrula 5:17 9) Protostomes & Deuterostomes 5:33 10)…
Speciation: Of Ligers and Men – Crash Course Biology #15
— Hank explains speciation – the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise – in terms of finches, ligers, mules, and dogs. Table of Contents 1) Species 0:30 2) Hybrids 1:52 3) Reproductive Isolation 2:48 a) Post-Zygotic 3:31 b) Pre-Zygotic 3:51 4) Allopatric Speciation 4:23 5) Sympatric Speciation 6:03 6) Biolography 6:32 7) Dogs…
The Crusades: Pilgrimage or Holy War? Crash Course World History #15
— In this video, John Green teaches you about the Crusades embarked upon by European Christians in the 12th and 13th centuries. Our traditional perception of the Crusades as European Colonization thinly veiled in religion isn’t quite right. John covers the First through the Fourth Crusades, telling you which were successful, which were well-intentioned yet…
Natural Selection – Crash Course Biology #14
— Hank guides us through the process of natural selection, the key mechanism of evolution. Table of Contents: 1) Natural Selection 1:27 2) Adaptation 2:56 3) Fitness 3:36 4) Four Principals 3:54 a. Variations 4:01 b. Heritability 4:17 c. “The Struggle for Existence” 4:25 d. Survival and Reproductive Rates 5:00 5) Biolography 5:59 6) Modes…
The Dark Ages: How Dark Were They, Really? Crash Course World History #14
— In this video, John Green teaches you about the so-called Dark Ages, which it turns out weren’t as uniformly dark as you may have been led to believe. While Europe was indeed having some issues, many other parts of the world were thriving and relatively enlightened. John covers European Feudalism, the cultural blossoming of…
Meiosis: Where the Sex Starts – Crash Course Biology #13
— Hank gets down to the nitty-gritty about meiosis, the special type of cell division that is necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotic organisms. Table of Contents 1) Homologous Chromosome Pairs 2:10 2) Primary Oocytes 3:30 3) Primary Spermatocytes 3:30 4) Meiosis 2:59 5) Interphase I 4:04 6) Prophase I 4:37 a) Crossover 5:05…
Islam, the Quran, and the Five Pillars All Without a Flamewar: Crash Course World History #13
— In this video, John Green teaches you the history of Islam, including the revelation of the Qu’ran to Muhammad, the five pillars of Islam, how the Islamic empire got its start, the Rightly Guided Caliphs, and more. Learn about hadiths, Abu Bakr, and whether the Umma has anything to do with Uma Thurman (spoiler…
Mitosis: Splitting Up Is Complicated – Crash Course Biology #12
— Hank describes mitosis and cytokinesis – the series of processes our cells go through to divide into two identical copies. Table of Contents 1. Mitosis 0:24 2. Interphase 3:27 a) Chromatin 3:37 b) Centrosomes 3:52 3) Prophase 4:14 a) Chromosomes 4:18 b) Chromatid 4:31 c) Microtubules 5:07 4) Metaphase 5:22 a) Motor Proteins 5:36…
DNA, Hot Pockets, and the Longest Word Ever: Crash Course Biology #11
— Hank imagines himself breaking into the Hot Pockets factory to steal their secret recipes and instruction manuals in order to help us understand how the processes known as DNA transcription and translation allow our cells to build proteins. Table of Contents: 1) Transcription 2:12 A) Transcription Unit 3:00 B) Promoter 3:10 C) TATA Box…
DNA Structure and Replication: Crash Course Biology #10
— Hank introduces us to that wondrous molecule deoxyribonucleic acid – also known as DNA – and explains how it replicates itself in our cells. Table of Contents: 1) Nucleic Acids 1:30 2) DNA -A) Polymers 1:53 -B) Three Ingredients 2:12 -C) Base Pairs 3:45 -D) Base Sequences 4:13 3) Pop Quiz 5:07 4) RNA…
Fall of The Roman Empire…in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
— In this video, John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out…
Heredity: Crash Course Biology #9
— Hank and his brother John discuss heredity via the gross example of relative ear wax moistness. . . This video uses sounds from Freesound.org, a list of which can be found, along with the REFERENCES for this episode, in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-2dlR — This post was previously published on YouTube.
Christianity from Judaism to Constantine: Crash Course World History #11
— In which John Green teaches you the history of Christianity, from the beginnings of Judaism and the development of monotheism, right up to Paul and how Christianity stormed the Roman Empire in just a few hundred years. Along the way, John will cover Abram/Abraham, the Covenant, the Roman Occupation of Judea, and the birth,…
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
— Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water, and also create some byproducts we’re pretty fond of as well. Table of Contents: 1) Water 1:16 2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32 3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43 4) Chloroplasts 1:57 5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42 a. Photosystem II 3:33 b.…